gʷē̆ nā (*ĝhʷē̆nā)

    gʷē̆ nā (*ĝhʷē̆nā)

    English meaning: woman, wife, *goddess

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “Weib, Frau”

    Grammatical information: gen. gʷn-üs and *gʷen-üs , also nom. gʷenǝ-, gʷenī-

    Note: Root gʷē̆ nü “ woman, wife, *goddess” could be a truncated Root ĝhau-, ĝhau̯ǝ- (*ĝhauvana): “to call, *priestess”: mnl. godinne, O.E. gyden “goddess”

    Material: O.Ind. gnü (*gʷnü ) f. “Götterweib” (to Teil disyllabic *ganü), gen. gnǘ s-; Av. gǝnü, ɣnü “wife, woman, woman”; O.Ind. jáni-ḥ = Av. jaini-, Pers. zan ds. (O.Ind. also jánī); in compounds O.Ind. lengthened grade -jüni- = Av. jüni- ds.; Arm. kin (*gʷena) “woman”, pl. kanai-k (*gʷen-ai + Plur.- ending-k) ; aPhryg. βονοκ, nPhryg. βανεκος “ woman, wife “ is probably Lw. from Eol. Gk.; differently Kleinhans with Pedersen Groupement 48 Anm. Gk. γυνή “woman” (*gʷunü), gen. γυναικός, beside böot. βανά̄ (*gʷenü), pl. βανῆκες; *gʷnü-, from it *βνᾱ-, Gk. μνᾱ- puts in μνάομαι “ unengaged, free “, in addition μνηστήρ “ suitor “, μνηστύς “ courtship “, μνηστη ἄλοχος “ lawful wife “ (with secondary -σ-); O.Ir. ben (*gʷenü), gen. sg. mná (*gʷn-üs), gen. pl. ban (*gʷen-ōm), ), in the compound ban-(ban-chú “ female dog “); besides bé n. “ woman “ (*gʷen); Welsh ben-yw “ feminine, female “, Corn. ben-en “ bride, betrothed woman “; Alb. zonjë “ mistress, wife, woman” (*gʷeniü) ; gheg. grue, Tosc grua “wife, woman” (*gʷn-ōn); Maybe Alb. (*gʷaniü) zana “nymph, goddess”, (*gʷoniü) zot m., pl. zota f. “god” [common Alb. n > nt > t phonetic mutation] : Pers. zan, O.C.S. žena “wife, woman”

    Note: The common Balt - Illyr. ĝh- > z-, d- phonetic mutation suggests that the original root was ĝhʷē̆nü > gʷē̆ nü. after Vetter Gl. 23, 204 here Messap. benna “wife” and (?) lepont. venia (Gl. 15, 12); Goth. qino (*gʷen-ōn-) = O.E. cwene, O.H.G. quena, M.H.G. quene “wife, woman, wife”; besides zero grade M.H.G. kone, ds., O.N. kona (gen. pl. kvenna) “wife, woman” (*gʷen-on- ); lengthened grade Goth. qēns “wife” (*gʷēni-s = Av. jáni-, O.Ind. jüni-), O.N. kvǣ n, kvün, O.E. cwēn, asächs. quün ds.; O.Pruss. genna, voc. genno “wife, woman”; O.C.S. žena “wife, woman”; ženinъ “weiblich” = Goth. qineins ds.; Toch. A śäṁ (pl. sń u) = В śana (Obl. śno) “wife, woman”; Pedersen Toch. Sprachg. 37 f.

    References: WP. I 681 f., WH. I 112 f., Trautmann 84, Meillet Esquisse 84, Schwyzer Gk. 296, 582 f., Tagliavini L”Albanese di Dalmatia 126.